Recent Developments in the Understanding and Management of Fibromuscular Dysplasia

F ibromuscular dysplasia (FMD) is a nonatherosclerotic disease of medium-sized vessels that can present with arterial stenosis, beading, dissection, and aneurysm. While the most common sites of FMD are the renal and extracranial carotid and vertebral arteries, FMD has been reported in most arterial segments. FMD does not affect the venous system. During the past decade, there has been a resurgence of research in understanding this uncommon and often misunderstood disease. Here, we highlight new developments in FMD research and clinical care, including a recently published multidisciplinary statement from the American Heart Association, a European Consensus document on FMD, and new insights regarding this disease derived from findings of the French and United States Registry for Fibromuscular Dysplasia (US Registry).